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March on Washington Rally |
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March on Washington - 40 Years Later
1963 Civil Rights Movers and Shakers
Eleanor Holmes Norton, center, and Coretta Scott King comforted Representative John Lewis after unveiling a marker commemorating the "I Have a Dream" speech at the Lincoln Memorial.
The six primary march organizers - The "Big Six"
Representative John Lewis of Georgia, who was the youngest speaker in the original march and is the only one of the main speakers that day still living, dissolved into tears as the inscription commemorating the speech was unveiled.
James Farmer
Dorothy Height
Martin Luther King Jr.
John Lewis
Joachim Prinz
A. Philip Randolph
Bayard Rustin
Roy Wilkins
Whitney Young Jr.
Was former president, founder of the Congress of Racial Equality, a group seeking to end discrimination and segregation
One of the six primary march organizers
On the day of the march in jail in Louisiana for participating in a voting rights protest; alternate delivers speech
Pioneer of nonviolent, direct-action tactics that the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. later adopts
Received the Presidential Medal of Freedomin 1998
Assistant secretary of the Department of Health, Education and Welfare (now Department of Health and Human Services) during President Nixon's administration
Died on his 79th birthday in 1999
Was chief coordinator and strategist for the march
Was widely recognized pacifist and socialist
Mobilizer of marches and protests in desegregation efforts for decades
Died in 1987 at age 75 after spending more than 20 years working on international civil and human rights issues involving people in Vietnam, South Africa, Ethiopia, Zimbabwe, Haiti, Grenada and El Salvador
Was only woman in the inner circle of march planners
Was national leader in the black women's movement and member of the President's Commission on the Status of Women
Was behind-the-scenes leader in the civil rights movement when men dominated the forefront
Received the Presidential Medal of Freedomin 1994 and nominated for the Congressional Gold Medalin 2003
Published a memoir, "Open Wide the Freedom Gates," in 2003
President emeritus of the National Council of Negro Women
Was national spokesman for the civil rights movement
One of the six primary march organizers
Delivered the "I Have a Dream" speech, culminating march's events
Was president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference Assassinated in 1968 at age 39
Remains the face and voice most associated with the civil rights movement
Was president of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, and one of the six primary march organizers
Most militant of the march's speakers. "In good conscience, we cannot support the administration's civil rights bill. ... This bill will not protect young children and old women from police dogs and fire hoses. ... Listen Mr. Kennedy, the black masses are on the march for jobs and for freedom. ...There won't be a 'cooling-off period.' "
Survivor of more than 40 arrests and beatings during the civil rights movement
Published memoir "Walking With the Wind" in 1998
U.S. representative from Georgia since 1986; serves on the House Budget and House Ways and Means committees; is senior chief deputy Democratic whip
Was president of the American Jewish Congress
Rabbi under Hitler's regime in Germany before he emigrated in 1937
Delivered two-minute remarks before the Rev. Martin Luther King's speech, stating, "... The most shameful and the most tragic problem is silence. A great people [Germans] which had created a great civilization had become a nation of silent onlookers. They remained silent ... in the face of mass murder. America must not become a nation of onlookers."
Died in 1988 at age 86
Was president of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
Was a mobilizing force in the labor movement, having been a vice president with the AFL-CIO and founder of the Negro American Labor Council
Made opening remarks as march director and one of the six primary march organizers
Planned similar march in 1941 to demand jobs for blacks in wartime industries, canceled it when President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed an executive order ending discrimination by companies doing business with the government.
Died in 1979 at age 90
Was executive secretary of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, an advocacy group seeking to combat social and legal injustices
Delivered speech and was one of the six primary march organizers
Received the Presidential Medal of Freedomin 1969 and posthumous Congressional Gold Medalin 1984
Died in 1981 at age 80
Was executive director of the National Urban League, a group focusing on improving the lives of the urban poor and eliminating discrimination in politics and business
One of the six primary march organizers and a speaker at the march
Continued civil rights work until his death, having expanded the National Urban League from 62 chapters to 98 in 30 states and quadrupling the staff.
Died in 1971 at age 49 in a drowning accident in Nigeria
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